{"id":8619,"date":"2022-09-24T05:52:42","date_gmt":"2022-09-24T05:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/linkseride.com\/?p=8619"},"modified":"2023-04-18T07:19:36","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T07:19:36","slug":"tips-to-charge-electric-vehicles-in-cold-winter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linkseride.com\/pt\/tips-to-charge-electric-vehicles-in-cold-winter\/","title":{"rendered":"Dicas para carregar ve\u00edculos el\u00e9tricos no inverno frio"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

At subzero temperatures, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries decreases, the voltage subsides, the resistance increases, the current output decreases, the self-discharge rate increases. As a result, the initial reserve capacity is enough for a shorter distance than during trips in the warmer months.<\/p>

The decrease in capacity is due to the fact that at low temperatures the electrolyte conducts lithium ions weaker, and chemical reactions proceed more slowly. How much the efficiency of the battery decreases in the cold depends on its chemical composition. For example, lithium-iron-phosphate and lithium-titanate batteries are more adapted to winter use than other Li-ion models.<\/p>

Factors that reduce<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>of<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0the<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>range in winter<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

In addition to low temperatures, the range is negatively affected by the presence of snow cover, headwind and other factors that create additional resistance when driving. Unlike a car, where the battery is heated by the running engine during the ride, there is no such effect on electric bicycles and other types of light electric vehicles. On the contrary \u2013 during the trip, due to the oncoming flow of cold air, the battery is cooled by another 3-5\u00b0C.\"\"<\/p>

And although the effect of negative temperatures on lithium-ion batteries is temporary, a long stay in the cold is undesirable for them. Rapid self-discharge often leads to a deep discharge of the battery, its degradation and irreversible loss of capacity. Therefore, the insulation of traction batteries on winter electric vehicles is considered a good idea.<\/p>

Battery for winter electric vehicles<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

For use in winter on electric scooters, bicycles, snowcats, scooters, mopeds and other types of personal electric vehicles, traction batteries of the LiFePO4 or LTO type (lithium-titanate) are recommended. To protect against hypothermia, batteries for winter electric vehicles are insulated with thermal insulation material and provided with heating.<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

The role of a fur coat for the battery is performed by special battery case-durable and soft “thermoses” made of thermal insulation material. Its task is to maintain the temperature of the battery in a comfortable range, preventing it from overcooling and reducing capacity. When the battery case is additionally supplied with low-current heating elements (low-voltage plates), a heated battery is obtained.<\/p>

Rules for using a battery case for a battery<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

To use a thermowell properly a warm battery (room temperature) should be placed in the thermowell, and then the case will maintain the optimal temperature range. If the battery is not kept warm at home, but in a cold garage, the battery will cool down in any thermocase if it is left out in the cold for a long period of time. Therefore, it is not a good idea to leave the battery out in the cold.<\/p>

If you compare thermowells with and without heating elements, type 1 models are more efficient. Low-voltage plates heat the battery and maintain a comfortable thermal mode for its effective operation. Therefore, a battery heated for electric vehicles is considered the best solution for winter.<\/p>

Heating elements can be purchased separately or as part of a complete heating system. The plates are made of plastic or thin textolite with built-in heating elements. Usually, 2 plates are used for heating, installed along the side surfaces of the battery. They consume little power – 20-40 watts, and this is quite enough to maintain the plus temperature. The heating elements are usually powered by the battery itself.<\/p>

Creating a thermocase for a battery<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

You can make a thermowell for the battery from the following materials:<\/p>